WRT fighter communities (and F/A of course)...you'll start get this in the FRS during your tactics/ACM phase. usually later in your training as ACM required a lot of flight time to get a good feel for the jet. You'll study lots of comparison diagrams of your aircraft's E-M diagrams on top of the typical adversaries...noticing the differences. Also you will memorize your aircraft's weapons envelopes...then theirs...
You'll first fly some 1 v 1 similar, then 2 v 1, then disimilar stuff in the same fashion 1 v1 ...2 v 1...2 v 2.....and then move on up to probably at most a 4 v 4 in the FRS. You'll do a lot more in the fleet like 4 v unk or greater. An adversary squadron will provide you with agressor aircraft in the FRS. Or you could be asked to engage a USAF F-15 or F-16 that your FRS flies against on a regular basis. You'll be told what they will be simulating for that engagement.
Before you get to a new AOR, you'll get lots of briefings from an AI weenie (your squardron spy) and fellow squadron mates on the local threats and briefs how to fly your jet to beat them. A real detailed review of E-M stuff and almost always classified.
For example the threat aircraft in the gulf are going to be different than the threat near Taiwan.
Blue Sky Up
Cheers,
G