Dets these days range from the 3 day job Flash mentioned to 3-4 week monsters. Expect at least one biggie per home cycle, with others mixed in. 95% of the time they are great deals. Good chance to fly a lot, get away from squadron day-to-day nuances, do fun some training, bond with your crew, and MAKE THAT PER DIEM.
Deployments...uh...I'm out of the loop there. The 12 on, 6 month 'surge', and 6 month cycle is planned, but so is MMA....
Deployment sites: I was a West Coast guy, so I know 5th and 7th Fleet (Mid-East and Japan respectively).
5th Fleet=Boring Liberty, 5 star hotel rooms or sh!thole closets stuffed to the max with j.o.s (any arguments on that one, I can post a picture of my room in Oman). Massive amounts of cash thanks to not paying any taxes if you are in the Gulf (done on a month by month basis, i.e. if you are in the Gulf ONE DAY that month, you pay no taxes), various and forms of pay for flight in combat zones. Exciting flying, lots of crazy sh!t going on.
7th Fleet= Max Blast Lib-O, Very Good to Excellent food and quarters (ah the Royal Garden....), Money isn't bad (depending on the political situation down south, you may get tax free) but it isnt as good as 5th. Missions....well they aren't that exciting. A few good spool-ups about once a month, but I got a TON of flight time. Lots of logistics runs for the guys in 7th fleet, which equals great stopovers in strange places.
P-3 deployments run in 6-7 months and usually run like this:
Month 1: Holy Sh!t, whats going on? OK OK, we can handle this. Hey who wants to work out?
Month 2: We run this sh!t. Nothing can shock us. Who wants to work out again tonight?
Month 3: Groundhog day begins. Days of the week become nothing but names. Pray to be left off the flight schedule one evening/morning for booze-ex. Workouts shift to every other day.
Month 4: I hate everybody. Leave me alone. Oh you have booze? Come on in buddy! F*ck the gym.
Month 5: Morale was low, but wait! A kick ass det to Australia/Thailand/Seychelles, new faces, new mission, new fun, hey this isnt so bad....I'll lift tommorrow.
Month 6: HOMEHOMEHOMEHOMEHOME. Countdowns in full effect. Realize you havent bought any souveniers/presents, start buying worst crap available in sh!thole foreign military field giftshops ("here Mom, I bought you these CERAMIC BLUE MONKEYS HOLDING BOWLS ON THEIR HEADS"...."uh thanks"..."Here's some Japanese gum that tastes like hot dogs..."). Manically start running 5 miles a day to work off binge drinking. Single guys realize they don't have housing set up for when they get back.
3 months into homecycle...."Man, I miss deployment..."