Badger,
It appears to me what you want to do is 1. build (logbook) time, and 2. improve your aeronautical decision making/experience. Aircraft type is irrelevant. If you're looking for a plane that will most closely replicate a 34C, ou're wasting your time, unless you have well over $100/hr to rent a club T-34A/B, or complex single of some sort. Neither the C-150/52 or Piper series come close. What they will do is provide cheap (relatively) time.
What would probably benefit you the most is take that C-152 (or the slowest, cheapest plane) and go on as many long cross country flight to unfamiliar airports as you can afford. It's my opinion (which doesn't count for squat) that cross countries provide the most bang for the buck when it comes to making solo decisions about WX, pattern entries and using enroute facilities (ATC, FSS, FlightWatch, etc) You'll get more practice flying patterns in primary that you ever wanted. I know of ton of guys that fly wonderfully, scripted patterns, but take them to an unfamiliar airport with multiple runways, dense traffic, or even an unfamiliar controller, and they become hopelessly overwhelmed. You can alleviate some of that anxiety in primary by putting around at 100 kts in your your C-152 under less stressful conditions.
As previously stated, the Navy will teach you everything you need to know about flying, there's no need to try to teach yourself on your dime.
Lastly, I used to fly Vargas at Barnstorming Adventures in Palomar, CA for their "Top Dog" (gay I know) air combat school. What does a helo guy know about ACM...nothing, but neither did the customers. It was limited to 60 deg bank anyway, all high/low maneuvering. But, the plane was alot of fun to fly. They're very pricey for a two seater though.