BLUF - Several of those options don't exist anymore, and by the time you're in a position to take advantage of any of them they'll have probably changed again. The best you can do is bust your ass aiming for the #1 or #2 on your ship and hope that it opens some doors for you.
Keep in mind that a lot of the data on JO career paths is pretty out of date.
At this point it's almost impossible for a SWO to do anything other than 48 months of straight sea time after they commission - back to back 30 month and 18 month divo tours. There were a lot more options until pretty recently, but PERS slammed the door on it this year when they reverted to the 30/18 vice 24/24, stopped billeting 1st tours to MCM/LCS/CVN, removed all second tour jobs not on ships (i.e. DESRON, MCMRON, PHIBRON), and made a bunch of other sweeping changes that are crushing the 16/17 YG.
I recall seeing most of those same slides in 2016, but when PERS visited a few months ago they were dead set on everyone doing 48 months of sea time to start your career. They've also stopped counting your BDOC / ADOC / holding times against your sea time, so most DIVOs are going to roll off their second tour closer to the 55-60 month mark in their career than the 48. Fleeting up (i.e. staying on the same ship) remains an option if the CO wants to keep you around AND there is an open billet for you to fill AND you talk about it early.
Honestly, any of these programs are highly competitive and your chances for selection are driven by timing (you'll soon learn how important this is), Needs of the Navy, and your performance. Your performance is usually measured in soft breakouts (as an ensign and JG) and how quickly you achieve your SWO pin and advanced quals (EOOW, TAO, etc.).
Lots of truth to the timing thing. Sometimes you simply get screwed by when you get to your ship, when you commission, your year group, new program initiatives, what jobs you land (it can be really hard to stand out with a completely made up job that has no real responsibility or meaning), and so forth. That said, a huge amount can still depend on your willingness to bust your ass and be that breakout guy or gal. If you're willing to put in the hours to be the #1 on your ship you can beat the odds on your year group / get what you want. Helps if you go to an O-6 command vice O-5 as well.
As for all you do that, performance and SWO pin is really a question of ship. Some ships are going to rate their fastest qualifying JO above all others no matter what. Others weigh it to varying extents. Our #1, #2, and #3 ensigns (out of 17) all lacked SWO pins and got rated above multiple shitbag peers with pins. Other side though was all three of them were super high achievers that worked hours later than everyone else pretty consistently and that held jobs with significant responsibilities and/or limited support (AUXO, 1st, TURBO).
Bottom line, if you are willing to put in long hours, play the game a little, and can figure out how to get things done on a ship whatever doors still exist can be opened, but you're going to have to put in the time and effort to get there.